Imperfetto

Italian · Tenses

Introduction

The imperfetto describes the past as a background rather than a sequence of events. It's used for what was happening at a certain moment, what people and things were like, and what used to happen regularly.

subjectparlareleggeredormire
ioparlavoleggevodormivo
tuparlavileggevidormivi
lui, leiparlavaleggevadormiva
noiparlavamoleggevamodormivamo
voiparlavateleggevatedormivate
loroparlavanoleggevanodormivano

The imperfetto is one of the most regular tenses in Italian. Essere is the main exception. A few verbs, such as fare, dire, bere and tradurre, form it from an older, longer stem (facevo, dicevo, bevevo, traducevo).

verbioloro
essereeroerano
farefacevofacevano
diredicevodicevano
berebevevobevevano
  • io essevoio ero
  • io favoio facevo

Uses

These are the main situations where the imperfetto is used.

useexample
habitsDa bambino giocavo sempre fuori. (As a child, I always played outside.)
descriptionsEra mezzanotte e pioveva. (It was midnight and it was raining.)
age, time, feelingsAvevo dieci anni. (I was ten.)
action in progressLeggevo quando hai chiamato. (I was reading when you called.)
  • Ero contento perché ho vinto.I was happy because I won.

Practice

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