Introduzione
Il present perfect continuous sottolinea la durata (duration) di un'attività iniziata nel passato che continua nel presente, o che si è appena (just) interrotta lasciando un risultato visibile. Unisce il present perfect (have been) alla forma progressiva (-ing).
Soggetto+have/has been+verbo-ing
- I have been studying for three hours.
- Kofi has been working here since 2018.
- You look tired - have you been running?
Present perfect e present perfect continuous
Entrambi i tempi collegano il passato al presente, ma con un'attenzione diversa. Il present perfect mette in risalto il completamento o il risultato (completion or result); il present perfect continuous mette in risalto la durata o l'attività in corso (duration or ongoing activity).
| Present Perfect (completamento/risultato) | Present Perfect Continuous (durata/attività) |
|---|---|
| I have read three chapters. (completata) | I have been reading for two hours. (attività, durata) |
| She has painted the room. (è finito) | She has been painting all day. (lo sforzo/l'attività) |
| He has lost weight. (risultato visibile) | He has been exercising a lot. (spiega perché) |
Parole segnale e schemi comuni
Il present perfect continuous si usa spesso con for, since, all day/week/month e lately/recently.
- I've been learning Spanish for six months.
- She's been feeling unwell since Monday.
- They have been arguing all morning.
- He's been working very hard lately.
Esercizi
I ___ for three hours.
Which sentence emphasises duration rather than completion?
She's been feeling unwell ___ Monday.
Which sentence is correct?
She ___ working here since 2018.
You look tired - have you ___ running?
'He has been exercising a lot.' What does this explain?
They have been arguing ___ morning.
I've been learning Spanish ___ six months.
I have ___ this car since 2015.
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