Introduktion
Udvidet førnutid understreger varigheden (duration) af en aktivitet, der begyndte i fortiden og fortsætter til nu, eller som først lige (just) er stoppet med et synligt resultat. Den kombinerer førnutid (have been) med udvidet form (-ing).
Grundled+have/has been+verbum-ing
- I have been studying for three hours.
- Kofi has been working here since 2018.
- You look tired - have you been running?
Førnutid og udvidet førnutid
Begge tider forbinder fortiden med nutiden, men med forskelligt fokus. Førnutid lægger vægt på fuldførelse eller resultat (completion or result); udvidet førnutid lægger vægt på varighed eller igangværende aktivitet (duration or ongoing activity).
| Present Perfect (afslutning/resultat) | Present Perfect Continuous (varighed/aktivitet) |
|---|---|
| I have read three chapters. (afsluttet) | I have been reading for two hours. (aktivitet, varighed) |
| She has painted the room. (det er færdigt) | She has been painting all day. (indsatsen/aktiviteten) |
| He has lost weight. (synligt resultat) | He has been exercising a lot. (forklarer hvorfor) |
Signalord og almindelige mønstre
Udvidet førnutid bruges ofte med for, since, all day/week/month og lately/recently.
- I've been learning Spanish for six months.
- She's been feeling unwell since Monday.
- They have been arguing all morning.
- He's been working very hard lately.
Øvelser
I ___ for three hours.
Which sentence emphasises duration rather than completion?
She's been feeling unwell ___ Monday.
Which sentence is correct?
She ___ working here since 2018.
You look tired - have you ___ running?
'He has been exercising a lot.' What does this explain?
They have been arguing ___ morning.
I've been learning Spanish ___ six months.
I have ___ this car since 2015.
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